Gold tumbled below $1,400 an ounce, falling the most since 1980, after dropping into a bear market last week as optimism that a U.S. recovery will curb the need for stimulus cut demand for a protection of wealth. Silver, platinum and palladium tumbled.

Holdings in the SPDR Gold Trust, the biggest exchange- traded product backed by the precious metal, are the lowest in almost three years and hedge funds have cut bets on higher prices by 72 percent since mid-October. Futures slid 4.1 percent on April 12, taking losses to more than 20 percent since the record close in August 2011, and meeting the common definition of a bear market.

The metal climbed for a 12th year in 2012 as nations pledged more stimulus to bolster growth. Prices are down 18 percent this year as some Federal Reserve policy makers favor pulling back this year on $85 billion in monthly debt-buying and as U.S. equities reached a record. The turn in the gold cycle is quickening and investors should sell, Goldman Sachs Group Inc. said April 10. Prices also fell last week on speculation Cyprus may sell gold. Commodities declined to the lowest since July as data showed China’s economy grew less than estimated.

“We could see a severe correction in gold, even spilling over into silver and the platinum metals group,” Peter Sorrentino, who helps manage about $14.7 billion of assets at Huntington Asset Advisors in Cincinnati, said in an e-mail. “I reduced our holding some weeks back, and regret now not selling more.”

Gold Price

Gold futures for June delivery slumped 9 percent to $1,366.90 an ounce at 10:54 a.m. on the Comex in New York, heading for the biggest drop since March 17, 1980. Prices touched $1,356.60, the lowest since February 2011.

A put option on gold, giving the owners the right to sell May futures at $1,300, soared 75-fold to $22.50, the highest since September.

Futures trading was four times the average in the past 100 days for this time of day, according to data compiled by Bloomberg.

Prices may drop to $1,310 by June, Sterling Smith, a Chicago-based commodity futures specialist at Citigroup Global Markets Inc., said today.

An April 9 debt assessment by the European Commission said Cyprus had committed to selling about 400 million euros ($525 million) of “excess” gold reserves. In response to the disclosure, the Central Bank of Cyprus said it wasn’t considering a sale. It owns 13.9 metric tons, according to the World Gold Council. That’s valued at about $622 million.

‘Suffering Fatigue’

“Some of the key pillars of the gold bull market look like they’re suffering fatigue,” Peter Richardson, an analyst at Morgan Stanley, said by telephone from Melbourne today. “The gold market’s probably started to price in the prospect that beleaguered members of the euro zone might be forced to sell gold to raise part of the funding, and there are much bigger holders in that category than Cyprus.”

SPDR Gold Trust holdings fell 22.9 tons to 1,158.56 tons on April 12, the lowest since April 28, 2010, its website shows. Global assets fell 6.9 percent in the first quarter, the most since at least 2004, data compiled by Bloomberg show. They’re about 8.6 percent below the Dec. 20 record.

Gold has ceased to be a haven for investors after it fell when the euro was close to collapse last year, billionaire investor George Soros said in an interview with the South China Morning Post published April 8. Soros cut his stake in the SPDR gold fund by 55 percent in the fourth quarter, a government filing showed.

U.S. Growth

“The demise of gold is still at an early stage,” Georgette Boele, a commodities strategist at ABN Amro Group NV, wrote in a note today. “Other assets will become increasingly more attractive as the growth outlook improves.”

The Fed has said further improvement in the labor market is needed to consider reducing its stimulus. While U.S. growth will probably slow to 1.6 percent this quarter from 2.9 percent in 2013’s first three months, it will then accelerate every quarter though mid-2014, economists surveyed by Bloomberg forecast. U.S. stocks advanced last week, sending the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index to an all-time high, amid optimism that corporate earnings growth will continue. The index is up 11 percent this year.

Goldman cut its three-month gold target to $1,530 from $1,615 and lowered the 12-month forecast to $1,390 from $1,550, analysts Damien Courvalin and Jeffrey Currie said in an April 10 report. While higher inflation may be the catalyst for the next cycle, that’s probably several years away, they wrote.

‘Buying Opportunity’

Gold’s plunge has pushed its 14-day relative strength index to 18.1, below the level of 30 that indicates to some analysts who study technical charts that a rebound may be imminent.

“I love the fact that gold is finally breaking down because that will offer an excellent buying opportunity,” Marc Faber, publisher of the Gloom, Boom & Doom report, said on Bloomberg Television’s “Street Smart” on April 12. “The bull market in gold is not completed.”

Silver futures for May delivery plunged 12 percent to $23.15 an ounce in New York. Earlier, it dropped to $22.92, the lowest since Oct. 22, 2010.

Prices entered a bear market at the beginning of this month. Industrial products from solar panels to batteries account for about 53 percent of demand, according to the Washington-based Silver Institute.

Palladium, Platinum

China’s gross domestic product rose 7.7 percent in the first quarter from a year earlier, the National Bureau of Statistics said today. That compares with the 8 percent median forecast in a Bloomberg News survey of 41 analysts and 7.9 percent in the fourth quarter.

On the New York Mercantile Exchange, palladium futures for June delivery slumped 6.3 percent to $664.35 an ounce. Platinum futures for July delivery retreated 4.9 percent to $1,422.60 an ounce, after falling to $1,419, the lowest since Aug. 16.

The S&P GSCI Spot Index of 24 raw materials lost as much as 2.6 percent to 606.7, the lowest since July 12.