Brokers must do fact-finding about customers to determine if a variable annuity is suitable, based on factors such as their risk tolerance and age, said Lee Kell, who heads the bureau of enforcement for the division of securities at Florida's Office of Financial Regulation. That means becoming familiar with the intricacies of annuity contracts and fees, Kell said.

Cashing In At 102

Brokers who do not face off with regulators may have to deal with investors' lawyers in Finra's arbitration forum. Investors filed 174 arbitration cases involving variable annuities in 2013, according to Finra.

The cases typically name brokerage firms, but individual brokers usually must testify about the annuity sale and details about the complaint appear on the brokers' public record.

One recent case involves a 90-year-old investor who met his adviser at a free-lunch seminar, according to Scott Silver, his lawyer in Coral Springs, Fla. The investor ended up with an annuity that charges higher administrative fees than his previous one, said Silver. The extra fees will grind down the investors' returns over time, Silver said.

What's more, the new annuity has a 12-year holding period. "He must wait until he's 102 for access to his money," Silver said. "That certainly wasn't his objective."

 

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