AUSTRIA
The Austrian government’s plans to split off bank supervision prompted Governor Ewald Nowotny to complain about “a tendency to treat the national bank like a subordinate.” The government-appointed deputy president of the central bank further ruffled feathers by saying the next governor’s stance on monetary policy should be different to Nowotny’s.

GREECE
Politicians have targeted Bank of Greece Governor Yannis Stournaras several times for alleged wrongdoings including a case involving Swiss drugmaker Novartis AG -- which he says was concocted to force him out -- and accounts of inaccuracies in his property declarations.

CYPRUS
Cyprus’s government started proceedings in 2015 to dismiss Chrystalla Georghadji, alleging a conflict of interest for not declaring that her estranged husband represented an investor in a defunct bank that was suing the state and the central bank. Georghadji succeeded Panicos Demetriades who resigned after months of political pressure.

LATVIA
Latvian Governor Ilmars Rimsevics is the target of a corruption investigation that saw him briefly detained. He’s been barred from his office since February, and the restrictions on him have pitted the ECB and the Latvian government against each other at the European Court of Justice. Rimsevics says the case was mounted by well-connected banks angered by his anti-money-laundering efforts.

SLOVENIA
Bostjan Jazbec resigned as Slovenian governor in May after coming under pressure for his role in the 2013 bank bailout, and a raid on his office and an attempt to pass a law to audit the central bank were condemned by the ECB as infringing on its independence. A successor has yet to be appointed, leaving Slovenia as the only euro-area member without a representative on the ECB’s rate-setting body.

SWITZERLAND
The Swiss National Bank is frequently in the crosshairs, partly because its balance sheet has ballooned to 120 percent of economic output. Lawmakers regularly suggest its reserves be turned into a sovereign wealth fund and national plebiscites have -- unsuccessfully -- targeted its gold holdings and even questioned the fundamentals of banking.

SWEDEN
A parliamentary committee is looking over Sweden’s central-bank framework and will report back in May. It’s the broadest review since the act was changed in 1999 to enhance independence.

MEXICO
President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador is poised to reshape Mexico’s central bank by naming four of its five board members by 2021, halfway through his six-year term. His pick for deputy governor, Gerardo Esquivel, sparked some apprehension over views including the defense of a dual mandate of targeting inflation and growth.

BRAZIL
One monetary institution may actually be about to get a break from politics.

Brazil’s central bank has enjoyed de-facto autonomy to decide on interest rates, but no legal guarantees protecting its board against political meddling. That may change in the next few months after President-elect Jair Bolsonaro decided to sponsor a bill granting formal autonomy to the institution. The central bank chief could no longer be fired by the country’s president and board members would have four-year terms approved by the Senate.