Transfer and airline partners: Consumers can transfer American Express Membership Rewards points, Capital One Venture Rewards Miles, and Marriott Bonvoy points to Aeroplan at various ratios. Air Canada is part of Star Alliance, so travelers have 27 carriers to choose from when it comes time to redeem their miles.

Reasons to consider it: Between the number of airlines in Star Alliance and having Amex as a transfer partner, racking up Aeroplan miles is a relatively easy feat—and its award redemption rates can be relative bargains. Case in point: Flying from Canada or the continental U.S. to Europe in first class costs just 70,000 miles each way, vs. 110,000 with United MileagePlus.

Drawbacks: On some of its own award tickets—and those booked with certain partner airlines like Lufthansa and ANA—taxes and fees can add up to hundreds or even thousands of dollars.

Air France/KLM Flying Blue

This European mileage program has a plethora of transfer and airline partners—and sometimes offers great discounts on its awards.

Transfer and airline partners: American Express Membership Rewards, Chase Ultimate Rewards, Capital One Venture Rewards, Citi ThankYou Rewards, and Marriott Bonvoy are all transfer partners and sometimes offer bonuses when you convert points to miles. Members can also earn and redeem Flying Blue miles on nearly 40 airlines, including SkyTeam partners like Delta, China Eastern, Korean Air, and Kenya Airways.

Reasons to consider it: Flying Blue offers “Promo Awards” for different cities each month with redemptions as low as 10,000 miles each way in economy and 26,000 miles in business class between Europe and North America. It also seems to open up more of its own award seats to Flying Club members—including those opulent La Première first-class ones. The only way to book them without cold, hard cash is with Flying Blue miles and elite status.

Drawbacks: After significant changes last year, members now earn miles based on revenue when flying on Air France or KLM. On partner carriers, it’s based on mileage flown and fare class. In other words, it’s a lot to keep straight. And dynamic pricing on awards makes redemptions feel a bit unpredictable.

All Nippon Airways Mileage Club

The Japanese airline is part of Star Alliance and has one of the best-priced award charts in the industry.