The much more positive news is on the proactive measures. It turns out that we have more control over our cognitive aging process than previously thought. The scientific evidence behind this statement comes from the theory of cognitive reserve. Cognitive reserve is the extent to which we use our brains efficiently and flexibly. In other words, the ability to maximize the brain we have right now. The theory was developed to explain why some older adults maintain good cognitive function despite having moderate to severe neuropathology in their brains. Numerous studies support the theory that high cognitive reserve can help compensate for age-related brain changes and even neuropathology that leads to Alzheimer’s disease.