Doing so is “a drastic mistake,” said Henry Klosowski, a trusts and estates lawyer at Moritt Hock & Hamroff, in Garden City, N.Y. Recipients can lose eligibility for benefits, and their entire inheritance can be swallowed up by health-care, or even basic, expenses.

Still, ABLE makes it much easier for relatives to give money and to start saving when disabled kids are young.

Jacob Gehringer is ready to move on from his parents' home in Papillion, Neb., a suburb of Omaha. The 20-year-old, who has Down syndrome, graduated from high school and is training to work as a preschool aide. He and his parents recently opened an ABLE account. His goal: save for a place of his own, with a backyard where his black Labrador retriever, Miller, can play.

“I plan to be an independent man,” he said. “I want to take care of myself—and my dog, too.”

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