Clients pick advisors for many reasons beyond financial needs.
Behavioral financial planning is the development of
practical techniques to improve decision-making. From a financial
standpoint, it looks at human weaknesses and ways of overcoming them to
bring [a client] closer to [his or her] goals.
Financial planners have a multifaceted role in
behavioral analysis in both money- and life-planning areas. In money
planning and life planning, they can provide the benchmark of financial
performance required by clients to achieve their goals as well as the
overall planning methods for meeting them. Their role, often as the
client's closest advisor in financial affairs, can provide access to
both personality and motivations. They are aware of client weaknesses
and can point out specific ways to overcome them. If the problem is one
of control, they can establish structures, such as savings "buckets,"
to support control procedures. They can point out unrepresentative
feelings, such as certain clients' belief that they are not acting
responsibly in financial affairs when, in fact, they are. Many
financial planners teach their clients how to understand finance and
have more positive performance in the future.
As discussed, well-being does not just come from
monetary rewards. Instead, there are a host of factors that people
often look for. They may select an advisor not only for competence in
financial matters, so that they can achieve their money goals, but for
assistance with human-planning needs. Through hard data and a
reassuring manner, they can enhance positive feelings. A select number
use advisor's knowledge of client's financial facts to help them with
life planning. Let's look at some common nonfinancial needs of people
that financial planners can help with.
To trust. People seek advisors whom they feel they
can trust to represent their best interests and give them
straightforward advice. If there are potential conflicts between their
interests and those of the advisor, they want them disclosed.
To find an interested person. Talking about a
problem can be therapeutic. Advisors who listen with interest to
clients' problems are often viewed as good communicators, not just good
listeners, and they are highly thought of even when they are not
proposing a potential solution.
To understand. People want simple advice that they
can evaluate themselves, or they at least want to understand why the
advisor is making a particular comment or recommendation. Communication
in easy-to-comprehend terms is part of simplicity. If advice is
complicated, people may not take it all or may feel unintelligent.
To help establish goals. Goals are not always
immediately known. People appreciate techniques provided by advisors,
such as leading questions, or just extensive discussions that assist in
eliciting those goals. Being nonjudgmental and empathetic can help the
process.
To feel secure. Being financially secure and
feeling secure, while synonymous in rational finance, are not always
the same in practice. For example, a recommendation can be made to
establish a core position in real estate investment trusts that is
expected to have attractive returns, relatively low market risk, and
less correlation with other equities. However, the client may feel very
uneasy because of unfavorable past experiences with real estate. In
general, client feelings should be taken into account and alternatives
to initial recommendations may be called for.
To be served. Service can be used to sum up many
other factors such as competence, interest, and concern. More
specifically, it includes the importance of understanding such things
as timely responses, periodic meetings, specialized communications and
actions that convey to clients that their interests are being kept in
mind. A person who is well served is often able to overlook
shorter-term negative outcomes, such as recommendations that
underperform.
To be understood and appreciated. People want to
have someone who understands them, their problems, and their goals,
both financial and nonfinancial. To be understood can be comforting in
itself and is often an important step in becoming receptive to
recommendations. It is often as important for a client to be as aware
of his or her strong points as of his or her weak ones. In fact, a
reinforcement of the client's strong points will often boost
self-confidence and motivate the client to finally tackle his or her
weaknesses.
To improve competency. Many people want to become
more knowledgeable, if only with the goal of self-improvement. This is
particularly true in finance, which many view as complicated. Thus,
advice should be explained, even when it isn't necessary for
decision-making purposes.
To enjoy interacting. People want to deal with
others they feel good about interacting with. The pleasure can come
from the factors listed above, and others such as sharing similar
interests with people who are lively and empathetic.
Behavioral financial planning is not so much an
alternative way of looking at personal financial planning as it is a
practical supplement to it. Knowing what motivates people and finding
ways of improving results is what behavioral planning is all about. It
should be measured by its accomplishments in achieving these
objectives.
The above article is an excerpt from
Personal Financial Planning, a new book written by Lewis J. Altfest and
published by McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Alftest, a Ph.D., author and associate
professor of finance at Pace University, has been a financial and
investment advisor for more than 20 years. His firm, L.J. Altfest &
Co. Inc., is a fee-only financial planning and investment management
firm in New York City.