A handful of cities and states have introduced programs this year that will offer residents free tuition at their public colleges and universities, but it’s important to read the fine print.

Not all the programs have income requirements. For example, San Francisco is the first city in the U.S. to offer all residents free tuition to community college, as long as they’ve lived in the city for at least a year. Programs may also require students to attend school full time, maintain a specific grade point average, or live and work in the state for several years after graduation.

Eligibility for free tuition may also be tied to specific areas of study. Programs Arkansas and Kentucky have established for their community and technical colleges require students to study specific fields in which demand for skilled workers is high.

New York is the first state to provide free tuition to residents attending both four-year and two-year public schools. Its new Excelsior Scholarship is accepting applications through July 21 for the 2017-18 academic year from students whose families earn less than $100,000. The annual income limit rises to $110,000 for 2018 and $125,000 for 2019.

After completing a two-year or four-year degree, Excelsior Scholarship recipients must live and work in New York State for the number of years equal to the duration of the award. If they don’t, the reward will convert to a loan.

Nevada’s scholarship program, effective in 2018, will pay for community college for graduating high school seniors. Tennessee and Oregon adopted similar programs several years ago. Tennessee is expanding its program to include all adults who don’t already hold an associate’s or bachelor’s degree.

Rhode Island’s governor continues to pledge free community college this fall for all recent high school graduates in the state, although its House-Senate standoff has left the state without a budget.

In other happenings, the University of Michigan recently announced the launch of a new financial aid program that guarantees free tuition for up to four years for in-state students with family income up to $65,000 (that’s roughly equal to the state’s median income).

Most free tuition programs are introduced at the state or city level, not by specific institutions, says Mark Kantrowitz, publisher and vice president of strategy for college search and scholarship site Cappex.com. He notes that many free tuition initiatives are “last-dollar programs,” meaning that other forms of financial aid that students receive are applied first. Many students who’ll qualify for free tuition under these new programs would get it anyway, he says.

Even so, free college, which the 2016 election shined a big spotlight on, he says, could be challenging for some states. For example, he thinks Pennsylvania would have a difficult time financially managing a tuition-free program on its own because of the high cost of its public colleges. Florida has very generous grants and may in theory be able to offer a program like New York’s, he says, adding, “It depends on the political will of the politicians.”

Massachusetts will probably take more time to implement a tuition-free program because its many select private colleges wield big political influence and may push other agendas, he says. The state offers a tuition freeze to students who transfer to a four-year public college shortly after earning an associate’s degree. It also offers a 10 percent rebate if students complete a semester with at least a 3.0 grade point average.

To search for tuition-free initiatives, Kantrowitz suggests checking with a state’s Board of Higher Education and governor’s office, as well as googling the name of a city and the words “promise scholarship.” Since 2005, dozens of towns and cities across the U.S. have rolled out “promise programs” that offer free tuition.

Information about these programs can be found at www.freecollegenow.org.